Journal: Scientific Reports
Article Title: Exploring the Endothelin-1 pathway in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension microvasculopathy
doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-79623-5
Figure Lengend Snippet: The Endothelin-1 (ET-1) Pathway Demonstrates Heightened Expression in Both the Plasma and Lung Microvessels of Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension (CTEPH) Patients. (A) The concentration of ET-1 in venous plasma is elevated in CTEPH patients (n = 59) compared to control subjects (n = 41). (B) Co-immunofluorescent staining for ET-1 (red), von Willebrand factor (vWF, white), alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA, green), and DAPI (blue) within lung microvessels from control subjects, CTEPH patients, and idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (iPAH) patients, and the quantification of ET-1 fluorescent mean intensity (FMI) in the pulmonary endothelium (n = 5). (C) Co-immunofluorescent staining for ET-1 receptor A (ET A ) (red), α-SMA (green), and DAPI (blue) in controls, CTEPH, and iPAH lungs, along with quantification of ET A FMI in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PA-SMCs) (n = 5). (D) Co-immunofluorescent staining for phospho-myosin light chain (p-MLC) (red), α-SMA (green), and DAPI (blue) in controls, CTEPH, and iPAH lungs, along with quantification of p-MLC FMI in PA-SMCs (n = 5). All data are presented as mean with standard error of the mean (SEM). Statistical significance is denoted as * for P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001, and **** P < 0.0001 and “ns” for not significant. The scale bar in all staining images is set at 100 µm.
Article Snippet: Immunofluorescent staining for ET-1 (Abcam for human lung staining, Abcam and Origen for piglet lung staining), ET A (Novus Biologicals for human staining, Abcam for piglet model staining), phosphorylated MLC (Cell signaling), alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA, Novus Biologicals) were performed in human and piglet lung paraffin sections.
Techniques: Expressing, Clinical Proteomics, Concentration Assay, Control, Staining